中美貿易戰 美國貿易代表羅伯特·萊特希澤關于「301條款行動」的聲明
專利代理 發布時間：2021-03-17 11:23:00 瀏覽: 次
中美貿易戰愈演愈烈，華盛頓特區，美國貿易代表羅伯特·萊特希澤就基于《1974年貿易法》第301條款采取的行動發表了如下聲明：
“上周五，為應對中國的不公平做法，美國開始對從中國進口的價值約340億美元的商品征收25％的關稅。隨著法律程序的完成，這些關稅最終將涵蓋價值最高可達500億美元的中國進口商品。關稅針對的是那些從中國的產業政策和強制技術轉讓做法中受益的產品。
“中國隨即對美國予以報復，對美國向中國出口的340億美元商品征收關稅，并威脅另對160億美元的商品征收關稅。其行動并無任何國際法律依據或正當理由。
“由于中國采取了報復行動且并未改變其做法，總統已下令美國貿易代表辦公室（USTR）啟動程序，對另外2000億美元中國進口商品征收10％的關稅。這是在301條款授權下的恰當回應，以便實現消除中國有害的產業政策。最終征收關稅之前，USTR將進行透明、全面的公示和意見征詢程序— 一如我們之前的關稅措施。
“2017年8月14日，特朗普總統指示USTR啟動301條款程序。多年以來，中國在知識財產和創新方面一直采取不講理的貿易做法。USTR進行了為期八個月的徹底調查，包括公開聽證和意見征詢。在一份200頁長的詳盡報告 中，USTR發現中國一直在采取導致知識產權和技術轉移、盜竊的產業政策，有損我們的經濟和我們的工人與企業的未來。
“USTR的301條款報告發現，中國的政策和做法強迫美國的創新者轉移其技術和知識，以此為代價在中國開展經營。中國還利用非經濟手段來獲得美國技術，如通過國有基金和公司來大肆收購美國公司，并在中國實行繁瑣的知識財產許可要求。USTR的報告還發現，中國政府對為了商業利益公然竊取美國技術的行為進行資助。這些做法對于我們的知識財產和技術—即美國最重要的比較優勢和我們經濟的未來—而言，是個生存的威脅。
“一年多以來，特朗普政府一直耐心地敦促中國停止其不公平的做法，開放市場，進行真正的市場競爭。在中國應做出何種具體改變方面，我們已經非常明確而詳盡。遺憾的是，中國并未改變其行為—這種行為將美國經濟的未來置于危險境地。中國非但沒有著手解決我們的合理擔憂，反而已經開始對美國產品施以報復。這種行動沒有正當理由。
“與以往一樣，美國愿意參與有可能解決我們關于中國不公平貿易做法的擔憂并使中國向美國商品和服務開放其市場的努力。同時，我們仍將保持警惕，捍衛我們的工人和企業在公平對等的基礎上競爭的能力。”
公告和意見征詢期的擬議清單和程序見《聯邦紀事》公告，公告近幾天內即會發布。
Statement By U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer on Section 301 Action
Washington, DC – U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer today released the following statement regarding action under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974:
“On Friday, in response to unfair Chinese practices, the United States began imposing tariffs of 25 percent on approximately $34 billion worth of Chinese imports. These tariffs will eventually cover up to $50 billion in Chinese imports as legal processes conclude. The products targeted by the tariffs are those that benefit from China’s industrial policy and forced technology transfer practices.
“China has since retaliated against the United States by imposing tariffs on $34 billion in U.S. exports to China, and threatening tariffs on another $16 billion. It did this without any international legal basis or justification.
“As a result of China’s retaliation and failure to change its practices, the President has ordered USTR to begin the process of imposing tariffs of 10 percent on an additional $200 billion of Chinese imports. This is an appropriate response under the authority of Section 301 to obtain the elimination of China’s harmful industrial policies. USTR will proceed with a transparent and comprehensive public notice and comment process prior to the imposition of final tariffs, as we have for previous tariffs.
“On August 14, 2017, President Trump instructed USTR to begin the Section 301 process. For many years, China has pursued abusive trading practices with regard to intellectual property and innovation. USTR conducted a thorough investigation over an 8-month period, including public hearings and submissions. In a detailed 200-page report, USTR found that China has been engaging in industrial policy which has resulted in the transfer and theft of intellectual property and technology to the detriment of our economy and the future of our workers and businesses.
“USTR’s Section 301 report found that Chinese policies and practices force U.S. innovators to hand over their technology and know-how as the price of doing business in China. China also uses non-economic means to obtain U.S. technology, such as using state-owned funds and companies to buy up American businesses and imposing burdensome intellectual property licensing requirements in China. USTR’s report also found that the Chinese government sponsors the outright theft of U.S. technology for commercial benefit. These practices are an existential threat to America’s most critical comparative advantage and the future of our economy: our intellectual property and technology.
“For over a year, the Trump Administration has patiently urged China to stop its unfair practices, open its market, and engage in true market competition. We have been very clear and detailed regarding the specific changes China should undertake. Unfortunately, China has not changed its behavior – behavior that puts the future of the U.S. economy at risk. Rather than address our legitimate concerns, China has begun to retaliate against U.S. products. There is no justification for such action.
“As in the past, the United States is willing to engage in efforts that could lead to a resolution of our concerns about China’s unfair trade practices and to China opening its market to U.S. goods and services. In the meantime, we will remain vigilant in defending the ability of our workers and businesses to compete on a fair and reciprocal basis.”
The proposed list and process for the public notice and comment period is set out in a Federal Register notice, which will be published within the next few days. To view the notice, including the list of proposed tariffs on $200 billion of Chinese imports, click here.
關鍵詞： 知識產權 專利侵權 專利 ?
